Every dog owner hopes their pet will live forever. Although that isn’t feasible, choose a breed with a long lifespan can result in many happy years spent together.
Smaller dog breeds typically live longer than their larger relatives, according to numerous studies. This is due to the fact that larger breeds are more prone to various health concerns, such as heart disease, joint problems, and some forms of cancer.
“The correlation between smaller body size and longer lifespan in dogs is well-documented,” says Dr. Jennifer Coates, DVM. “Smaller dogs have a slower growth rate, which puts less strain on their bodies over time.”
A recent study in Scientific Reports also found a link between a dog’s facial structure and its lifespan. The study concluded that dogs with longer snouts tend to live longer than flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds, which are prone to breathing difficulties.
With these factors in mind, we consulted with veterinarians and pet experts to compile a list of the healthiest and longest-living dog breeds. Read on to discover 10 breeds with average lifespans of 12 to 18 years.
1. Chihuahua
Life Expectancy: 14 to 18 years
“Chihuahuas are one of the longest-living dog breeds, and their small size is a major contributing factor,” says Dr. Ray Spragley, DVM, founder of Zen Dog Veterinary Care.
Despite their tiny stature, Chihuahuas are generally healthy dogs. While they can be prone to dental issues and heart conditions, these can often be managed with proper veterinary care.
2. Australian Cattle Dog
Life Expectancy: 13 to 16 years
The Australian Cattle Dog is a medium-sized breed known for its high energy levels and robust health. “These dogs were bred for herding cattle in the harsh Australian outback, which has given them incredible stamina and resilience,” notes Dr. Sabrina Kong, DVM, a veterinarian at WeLoveDoodles.
Their active lifestyle contributes to their long lifespan, and they are not prone to many of the genetic conditions that affect other breeds.
3. Shih Tzu
Life Expectancy: 12 to 16 years
The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy dog that is known for its friendly and adaptable nature. They are generally healthy, but their long coat requires regular grooming to prevent skin problems.
“Shih Tzus are wonderful companion dogs, and with proper care, they can live well into their teens,” says Dr. Jaclyn M. Coble, DVM, CEO of Sea Legs Integrative Veterinary Health.
4. Jack Russell Terrier
Life Expectancy: 13 to 16 years
Jack Russell Terriers are energetic and intelligent dogs that were originally bred for fox hunting. They are known for their robust health and long lifespan.
“These are hardy little dogs with a lot of energy,” says Dr. Jennifer Sperry, DVM. “Their active nature helps them stay healthy and fit throughout their lives.”
5. Toy Poodle
Life Expectancy: 14 to 18 years
Toy Poodles are intelligent, easy to train, and have a long lifespan. They are also hypoallergenic, which makes them a great choice for people with allergies.
“Poodles of all sizes are known for their intelligence and good health,” says Dr. Coates. “Toy Poodles, in particular, often live for 15 years or more.”
6. Maltese
Life Expectancy: 12 to 15 years
The Maltese is a small, gentle, and playful breed that is known for its long, white coat. They are generally healthy and make excellent companion dogs.
“Maltese are loving and loyal pets,” says Dr. Spragley. “With regular veterinary check-ups and a healthy diet, they can enjoy a long and happy life.”
7. Beagle
Life Expectancy: 12 to 15 years
Beagles are friendly, curious, and energetic dogs that were originally bred for hunting. They are generally healthy and have a long lifespan.
“Beagles are known for their love of food, so it’s important to keep them at a healthy weight,” notes Dr. Kong. “With proper diet and exercise, they can be a part of your family for many years.”
8. Bichon Frise
Life Expectancy: 12 to 15 years
The Bichon Frise is a small, cheerful dog with a fluffy white coat. They are hypoallergenic and generally healthy, although they can be prone to skin allergies.
“Bichons are playful and affectionate dogs that thrive on human companionship,” says Dr. Coble. “Their happy-go-lucky nature makes them a joy to be around.”
9. Dachshund
Life Expectancy: 12 to 16 years
Dachshunds are known for their long bodies and short legs, which were originally bred for hunting badgers. They are generally healthy, but their long spine can be prone to back problems.
“It’s important to support a Dachshund’s back and keep them at a healthy weight to prevent spinal issues,” says Dr. Sperry. “With proper care, they can live a long and fulfilling life.”
10. Shiba Inu
Life Expectancy: 12 to 15 years
The Shiba Inu is an ancient Japanese breed that is known for its independent and spirited nature. They are generally healthy and have a long lifespan.
“Shiba Inus are clean, quiet, and intelligent dogs,” says Dr. Coates. “They form strong bonds with their families and can be a wonderful addition to the right home.”